近日，白宫发布了一项有关美国人工智能基础设施发展的行政指令，这被视为美国在人工智能领域向前迈进的关键步骤。
1月14日，在距离正式就职不到一周之际，美国总统拜登签署了这项引人注目的指令。该指令旨在加快美国数据中心的建设进度，确保美国在全球人工智能领域的主导地位。
拜登在指令中强调，此举将帮助政府更高效地运用人工智能技术增强国家安全，并提高美国的经济竞争力。他指出：“现阶段的重点是要求美国在指定时间内建立起完善的人工智能基础设施，以确保我们能够在与那些已在人工智能开发和应用方面激烈竞争的对手的竞争中占据上风。”
为了实现这一目标，该指令要求联邦机构加速推进在政府地产上的大规模人工智能基础设施开发，并为参与这些地点建设的开发商提供更多的保障措施。同时，还要求各机构开放联邦场所，用于新建数据中心并推动清洁能源计划，支持人工智能技术的可持续发展。
在签署行政指令时，拜登提到：“前沿的人工智能技术将对国家安全产生深远影响，并具有巨大的潜力改善美国人民的生活。无论是协助治疗疾病还是通过缓解气候变化的影响来保护社区安全，人工智能的应用前景广阔。”
此外，本月初美国与印度签订了一份关于人工智能投资和保护的协议。两国官员计划共同制定一个政府间框架，促进双方在人工智能方面的相互投资，并协调围绕该技术传播的保护措施。这一合作将进一步加强两国在人工智能领域的合作与交流，共同推动人工智能技术的创新与发展。
值得注意的是，拜登于2023年签署了一项全面的人工智能指令。然而，前总统特朗普对此表示不满，并计划撤销该指令。特朗普认为该法规阻碍了创新，并强调需要制定更加灵活且有利于创新的政策来支持人工智能技术的发展。特朗普在2019年发布了首项涉及人工智能技术的行政指令，要求联邦机构将人工智能研发作为优先事项。
特朗普任命的人工智能领域的重要人物、知名监管评论家大卫·萨克斯也就此发表了自己的见解。他表示：“尽管国外市场正在迅速建立下一代计算设施所需的电力系统，但美国公用事业公司在新电力容量方面的缓慢部署时间表可能会导致数十亿美元的技术投资流向海外。我们必须加速基础设施建设，以确保美国在人工智能领域的领先地位。”
Recently, the White House has issued an administrative directive concerning the development of artificial intelligence infrastructure in the United States, marking a crucial step forward in this field. On January 14th, just less than a week before officially taking office, US President Biden signed this noteworthy directive aimed at accelerating the construction progress of data centers in the country to ensure its leading position globally in the realm of artificial intelligence. In the directive, Biden emphasized that this move would enable the government to more efficiently utilize AI technology to enhance national security and boost economic competitiveness. He stated, "The current focus is on requiring the establishment of comprehensive AI infrastructure within a specified timeframe to ensure we stay ahead of competitors who are already fiercely competing in AI development and application." To achieve this goal, the directive mandates federal agencies to expedite large-scale AI infrastructure development on government properties and provide additional safeguards for developers involved in these projects. It also requires agencies to open up federal sites for new data center constructions and promote clean energy initiatives supporting sustainable AI technology development. Upon signing the administrative directive, Biden mentioned, "Cutting-edge AI technology will have profound implications for national security and holds immense potential to improve the lives of Americans. Whether it's assisting in disease treatment or safeguarding communities by mitigating climate change impacts, the prospects for AI applications are vast." Additionally, earlier this month, the US and India signed an agreement regarding AI investment and protection. Officials from both countries plan to jointly formulate an intergovernmental framework to foster mutual investments in AI and coordinate protective measures surrounding the spread of this technology. This collaboration aims to further strengthen cooperation and exchange between the two nations in the AI sector, driving innovation and development collectively. Notably, Biden had signed a comprehensive AI directive in 2023. However, former President Trump expressed dissatisfaction with it and planned to rescind the directive. Trump argued that the regulation hindered innovation and stressed the need for more flexible and innovation-supportive policies to bolster AI technology growth. In 2019, Trump issued the first administrative directive addressing AI technology, prioritizing AI research and development among federal agencies. David Sacks, a prominent figure in the AI field appointed by Trump and a well-known regulatory commentator, also shared his views. He pointed out, "While foreign markets are rapidly establishing power systems necessary for next-generation computing facilities, the prolonged deployment schedules of new power capacities by American utility companies could lead to billions of dollars in technological investments flowing overseas. We must accelerate infrastructure construction to maintain America's leadership in AI."
