Meta, IBM, and dozens of startups and researchers have formed an alliance that advocates for a more open and collaborative approach to artificial intelligence development, countering OpenAI and Google in the debate over the future of technology.

Philosophical questions have become the focus of the AI future debate, as concerns grow that OpenAI, backed by Microsoft, and Google will single-handedly dominate the increasingly important technology.

"This is a defining moment for the future of AI," said IBM CEO Arvind Krishna in a statement announcing the AI alliance on Tuesday.

OpenAI, the creator of ChatGPT, and Google defend a closed system for their large language models, which have amazed the world with their ability to generate high-quality images and text based on simple prompts.

They see themselves as leaders in the AI field, exercising complete control over the technology to ensure its deployment is ethical, responsible, and free from malicious actors.

On the other side of the debate, open-source advocates argue that sharing AI technology can foster innovation and prevent any one company or participant from gaining a dangerous lead.

An internal war within the OpenAI board earlier this month, which resulted in Microsoft's influence being strengthened, has deepened concerns about one company playing such a significant role in providing AI and provided more support for their position.

"Pursuing open innovation can balance the competitive landscape and allow everyone to share the benefits of generative AI," said Jennifer Chayes, Dean of the School of Computing, Data Science, and Society at the University of California, Berkeley.

Meta, the parent company of Facebook, is one of the staunchest believers in open-source models and opposes confining the future of AI to the secret labs of a few tech giants.

Unlike OpenAI's GPT-4, Meta has made its LLaMA model accessible, modifiable, and improvable for researchers and startups.

"We believe that AI development is better when it is open - more people can benefit, build innovative products, and engage in security work," said Nick Clegg, Meta's Head of Global Affairs.

IBM and Meta have brought together approximately 50 companies and organizations, including Intel and NASA.

OpenAI and Google are not founding members.