Google recently launched the Frontier Safety Framework, a set of strategies aimed at proactively identifying and mitigating potential threats posed by future artificial intelligence systems. The core of this framework lies in implementing a series of mechanisms to promptly detect and address potential risks, thereby staying ahead of the risks and ensuring the robust operation of AI systems.

The Frontier Safety Framework primarily focuses on significant risks brought about by advanced AI models, especially those with high autonomy and complex network functionalities. Its design intent is to complement Google's existing AI security practices and align with research to ensure that AI behavior aligns with human societal values and ethical standards.

The framework consists of three core components:

• Firstly, there is the capability identification. Google will conduct in-depth research on the risks that advanced AI models may bring. They will establish "Critical Capability Levels" (CCLs) as guidance to clearly define the capabilities under which models may pose severe risks. These CCLs will provide important basis for risk assessment and mitigation.

• Secondly, there is model evaluation. Google will regularly test AI models to detect whether they are approaching these critical capability levels. They will also develop an "Early Warning Evaluation" system to issue alerts and take timely measures before the models reach the CCLs.

• Lastly, there is the mitigation plan. When models pass the early warning evaluation, Google will initiate a mitigation plan. This plan aims to balance the pros and cons of the models, with a particular focus on security and preventing the misuse of critical capabilities.

In the initial stage, the framework will focus on four areas: autonomy, biosecurity, cybersecurity, and machine learning research and development. For each area, Google has defined specific CCLs and corresponding security and deployment mitigation measures.

For example, in the autonomy domain, a critical capability may be an AI model's ability to autonomously acquire resources and maintain additional copies of itself. In the cybersecurity domain, a critical capability may be a model capable of autonomously executing opportunistic network attacks.

Meanwhile, other research institutions such as OpenAI and Anthropic are also actively engaged in AI safety research. OpenAI released their preparedness framework last year, outlining a series of key security measures aimed at protecting AI technology from misuse. Anthropic is also actively conducting AI safety research in multiple aspects, including improving AI interpretability, scalable supervision, testing potential dangerous failure modes, and evaluating their social impact. These efforts collectively demonstrate the AI research community's commitment to proactively addressing potential risks posed by advanced AI systems.

Google's framework is still in the exploratory stage and is expected to continuously learn and improve during implementation. Through collaboration with industry, academia, and government, they plan to jointly promote the healthy development of AI technology. They aim to fully implement this initial framework by early 2025.